Lab 9.1

1) The solution process was endothermic because there was no negative side meaning it absorbed heat rather than gave off heat.

2) The possible source of percent error could have been an error in measurement with the thermometer.

3a) The moles of solute would remain the same as for the q value and delta H value, they would both increase which would cause the liquid state of the solute to become greater.

3b) If you added less chemical, the moles of solute would be lower in number along with the q value. The delta H should remain the same.

3c) Your delta H and q value would increase, the number of moles would remain the same.

Enrichment!
The mist being sprayed on the trees is freezing instead of the oranges, they do this because it  helps prevent the oranges from eventually freezing up and dying off.

Lab 8.2

The more viscous oils are the ones that have a higher total number of carbons, which results as well in a higher total number of hydrogen atoms. This is because the the higher viscosity is directly related to the attractions of the molecules. In the lab we came to the conclusion that the higher the boiling point was of an element, the stronger the intermolecular attractions were as well. The larger the the molecules are the stronger the intermolecular attractions are.




Viscosity decreases with boiling point. This means that the liquid less likely to resist flow will have a lower boiling point. This is because of a weaker intermolecular attraction. In the lab, the Torch fuel has a density of 5.7 grams per milliliter, and motor oil has a density of 8 grams per ml. This shows that motor oil has a larger molar mass, and a graph shows us that it takes more energy to boil the torch fuel.

Lab 8.1

1) One error in this procedure was some of the sugar that you chewed disappeared along with little chunks of gum to make measurements decrease in number.Someone could think that the sugar is gone, and they weigh the gum, when really, some sugar is still a component of the gum. This is what probably happened when we performed our experiment, and what messed up the data in the experiment.

Enrichment:
1) Blogs help us look back on what we did in class, and what our procedures were in class. It's a very easy assignment, if you get it done on time. The only thing that should be considered is that some people do not have a computer or internet access at home. But otherwise I think the blog is an easier way to do the summary of your lab.

Lab 7.4

Elements in the same group share similar properties than elements in the same period. You know this because in the lab we saw that the elements that we in the same groups that had been tested turned out to have the same results.We have concluded that they are more similar than elements in the same group.
     Elements in the same group share the same number of valence electrons. ]Which leads to them having similar chemical properties. Because the amount of electrons, or the electron configuration had a big impact on on how elements differ. In groups, elements share the same number of valence electrons, which really means that they have the same amount of distance from the nucleus.
    

As an atom of sodium reacts with an atom of non-metal it loses the electrons. When this happens it becomes a positive ion. The electrical charge of the ion is +1. The soduim ions electron configuration becomes similar to the element neon. After the atom loses electrons and becomes an ion it becomes more stable.
    

Pure sodium can be obtained by mixing both NaCl and the right amount of CaCl to lower the melting point, this process produces  pure sodium metal.