Lab 4.1

) When there is a decrease in pressure it causes the volume of the balloon to increase because there is less air pressure. Particles inside of the balloon are moving at a fast rate, and are colliding rapidly which is what is causing the volume to increase because the pressure from the conditions outside and inside are colliding.

2) When you add more gas to a bottle the pressure will increase because as the pressure begins to rise, the molecules begin to collide with one another.

3) As the volume of a cylinder increases the pressure will remain the same because it has already reached the highest point in which that pressure can reach. If there is an equal amount of gas as before and your volume is increasing.

4) Increasing the pressure in a tire by adding more gas, will cause the volume to increase. As you increase the pressure inside of the tire, the tire begins to expand more causing it to have a higher volume from when it was deflated. 

5) As the temperature of a closed container of water is increased, the amount of water vapor above the water causes an increase in vapor pressure. Increase in temperature, the more water that will be vaporized which means there will be more gas molecule collisions.

6) As the air pressure above a liquid is increased by adding more air, the boiling point of the liquid will decrease because the liquid substance is being vaporized so the boiling point is less. 

7) If a balloon filled with air is taken under water to a depth of 10 feet, its volume will decrease because there are less molecules so there would be less air pressure under water.

8) The temperature of a beaker of boiling water will remain the same as more heat is added because water has reached its reached its potential energy level so it can't get any hotter. It either remains the same or cools down.

9) Hot air rises because it is less dense with the cool air around it. When there is more energy, the less dense it is so it will rise.

10) When heated, the volume occupied by air in a balloon will increase because the more molecules inside of the balloon and when it hits against the atmospheric pressure, the balloon begins to expand more and causes its volume to increase.

Enrichment: 
In the picture of the tanker car, it was demolished because of the behavior of gas particles. When you flush the tank out with hot water, it caused more water vapor because of the temperature. As the temperature over night decreased, the water vapor decreased which caused a phase change from a gas to a liquid. With the water vapor pressure non-existent, the air pressure outside of the tank was able to to crush it because of the average kinetic energy of particles.